Table 1_Development and validation of the civil aviation occupational gender stereotype scale and its impact on professional identity and self-efficacy among chinese civil aviation majors.docx

Introduction<p>This research aimed to develop and validate the Civil Aviation Occupational Gender Stereotype Scale (CA-OGSS) and investigate its associations with professional identity and self-efficacy among Chinese civil aviation majors, thereby providing an empirical foundation for fostering gender equality in the field.</p>Methods<p>In Study 1, an initial 15-item pool was generated and refined through a literature review, interviews, and expert evaluation; its factor structure and reliability were examined using exploratory factor analysis (Sample 1, n = 707) and confirmatory factor analysis (Sample 2, n = 1,465).

In Study 2, the finalized 10-item CA-OGSS, alongside established measures of professional identity and self-efficacy, was administered among 830 civil aviation majors to test a moderated mediation model.</p>Results<p>The CA-OGSS demonstrated a stable two-factor structure, explaining 73.12% of the total variance in EFA. The final CFA model showed acceptable fit comparative fit index = 0.995; Tucker–Lewis index = 0.989; root mean square error of approximation = 0.072 [90% CI: 0.062, 0.084]; standardized root mean squared residual = 0.013), although the χ²/df value (6.77) exceeded the conventional cutoff.