Dataset for network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Skin Whitening Effect and Mechanism of the Combined Extract of Rosa rugosa, Rosa chinensis, and Paeonia suffruticosa

The results showed that RRPE significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanin production in both B16F10 cells and zebrafish models. A total of 155 components were identified in RRPE using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, and network pharmacology predicted that RRPE acts through the AKT-GSK3β axis.

Further validation by RT-qPCR and Western blot demonstrated that RRPE downregulated the transcriptional and protein levels of core targets in the AKT-GSK3β/MITF-TYR signaling axis, activated AKT phosphorylation, and enhanced the inhibitory effect on GSK-3β. These findings reveal, at the molecular level, the multi-node mechanism by which this extract suppresses melanin production.