Chinese Pictorial Big Five Personality Inventory for Children (CPBFI-C)

To address this gap, this study developed and validated the Chinese Pictorial Big Five Personality Inventory for Children (CPBFI-C), a novel self-report tool designed for children as young as 6 years old. The CPBFI-C was developed based on the facet-informed structure of the BFI-2, with items sampled to represent diverse facet content within each domain and combined with pictorial stimuli tailored to Chinese cultural contexts to enhance comprehension and engagement.

In Study 1, based on a sample of 2,484 primary school students (Sample 1, aged 6-14), the CPBFI-C demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, good test-retest reliability and excellent structural validity via Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling. Crucially, the scale achieved strict measurement invariance across age groups (6-9 vs. 10-14 years) and partial strict invariance across sex. Furthermore, partial scalar invariance was established between the picture-based and text-only versions, which was administered to Sample 2 of 2282 students in grades 4-7.