Application of Oncolytic Adenoviruses and their immunotherapies in tumor immunotherapy

Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) represent a promising class of anti-cancer therapeutics, recognized for their ability to selectively replicate within and lyse tumor cells. This unique oncolytic activity, coupled with their efficient and safe gene delivery capabilities, has made OAds a focal point in both preclinical research and clinical applications.

Their ability to specifically target and eradicate tumor cells while sparing normal tissue makes them an attractive approach in the evolving landscape of cancer therapy. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumor-specific targeting of OAds, their tumor immunomodulatory effects and their advancements in combination with immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapies, and cancer vaccines.