Dataset of topsoil physicochemical properties from 30 sampling sites in the black soil region

It includes C/N ratios, contents of 15 metal elements, carbon isotopes (δ¹³C), particle size composition, pH, and organic matter. The data resolution is mostly 5 cm, with some at 10–20 cm, and all measurements were conducted in the laboratory using standard methods.

This dataset can be used to study black soil formation processes, nutrient cycling, soil quality evolution, and the impacts of human activities, providing fundamental data support for regional soil resource management and ecological assessment.