Systematic review of instruments that measure self-efficacy

Inclusion criteria were based on the PICO strategy for reviews of psychometric instruments (Mousa Alavi et al., 2022), as publications should involve parents of children and/or adolescents (Participants), examine self-report instruments of parental self-efficacy (Instrument), focusing especially on the measurement of parental self-efficacy (Construct), and assess one or more psychometric properties of content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, cross-cultural validity / measurement invariance, measurement error and reliability, criterion validity, hypotheses testing for construct validity, or responsiveness analysis (Outcomes).