jasmonic acid treated betelvine plants under pathogenic stress

This study examines the role of exogenous JA priming inducing resistance in Piper betel L. under biotic stress from pathogens such as Colletotrichum, Phytopthora, Xanthomonas, Fusarium. The experimental setup included three groups: control plants that were neither infected nor treated with JA (N), infected plants without JA treatment (P), and JA-priming along with pathogenic infection (T3).