Mapping the evidence of plant-based alternative foods: A systematic literature review protocol on nutritional, health, and environmental impacts

The promotion of shifts from current diets to diets rich in plant-sourced foods and low in animal-sourced is commonly regarded as a suitable and evidence-based strategy to improve nutritional health and reduce adverse impacts on the environment, mainly in high-income and food-secure settings. Plant-based alternative foods (PBAF) - products specifically designed to mimic and/or replace animal foods such as dairy and meat – could facilitate such shifts.

Demand and supply of PBAF have increased rapidly over the past decade; however, research on the environmental footprints, health effects and nutrient content is in its infancy. Given their exponential growth in the food market, more comprehensive evidence on the health and environmental aspects of PBAF is urgently needed for informed decision-making. This systematic literature review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.