Excel · study · 2026
Photoperiod perturbations impact perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) induced developmental toxicity [PFHxS-5day]
Listed in NCBI GEO
Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) is a persistent perfluoroalkyl substance with increasing scrutiny due to its widespread occurrence and potential for developmental neurotoxicity.
Description
In this study, we investigated how photoperiod - a critical regulator of circadian physiology- modulates PFHxS toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Photoperiods are highly relevant in today’s context, where artificial lighting, shift work, and time-zone travel increasingly disrupt natural light-dark cycles.
To evaluate this variable, embryos were raised under either a standard 14-hour light:10-hour dark (14L:10D) cycle, constant darkness (24D) or constant light (24L) and simultaneously exposed to PFHxS across a concentration range (0.0025–25 µM) from 2 to 120 hours post-fertilization. Since 24L did not elicit any significant phenotypic differences, this photoperiod was excluded from further studies. LC-MS analysis revealed comparable PFHxS uptake across 24D and 14L: 10D photoperiods, ruling out bioaccumulation-induced differences.
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However, behavioral assays showed photoperiod-specific phenotypes, with hyperactivity during light epochs under 24D. PFHxS elevated melatonin levels under 14L:10D but reduced them under 24D, indicating circadian endocrine disruption. Transcriptomic analysis revealed greater PFHxS-induced dysregulation under 24D, including suppressed DNA replication and cell cycle pathways and increased oxidative stress.
These effects coincided with elevated ROS, increased DNA damage, and reduced proliferation. Eye-specific studies revealed reduced retinal proliferating cells and photoreceptor (cone) length under 24D, but not 14L:10D, suggesting that aberrations in eye development may be a driver of phenotypes. Collectively, our findings highlight the critical role of environmental lighting in shaping toxicological outcomes and emphasize the need to incorporate photoperiod context into risk assessments.
Links
Get the data
- GEO FTP directory ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE310nnn/GSE310402 ↗
download · from NCBI GEO
Where it is published
- GEO accession page ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE310402 ↗
landing page · from NCBI GEO
Documentation and papers
- PRJNA1365889 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA1365889 ↗
project · from NCBI GEO
- PubMed 41791196 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41791196 ↗
publication · from NCBI GEO
Topics
- Stated by source
- Danio rerio · Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing
- From keywords
- Life Sciences
- Inferred from text
- Mass spectrometry 65%
Provenance · 1 source records, 8 field assertions
| Source | Key | Last seen | Raw |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCBI GEO | GSE310402 | 14 d ago | JSON v1 |
| Field | Assertion | Extractor | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| access_level | source · NCBI GEO | connector:ncbi_geo@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:life-sciences | mapping · NCBI GEO | connector:ncbi_geo@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[method].geo_series_type:expression-profiling-by-high-throughput-sequencing | source · NCBI GEO | connector:ncbi_geo@1.0.0 | /gdstype |
| concepts[modality].local:modality:mass-spectrometry | enrichment · NCBI GEO | keyword-concept-rules@1.0.0 | title+description (65%) |
| concepts[organism].NCBITaxon:7955 | source · NCBI GEO | connector:ncbi_geo@1.0.0 | /taxon |
| description | source · NCBI GEO | connector:ncbi_geo@1.0.0 | /summary |
| publication_date | source · NCBI GEO | connector:ncbi_geo@1.0.0 | |
| title | source · NCBI GEO | connector:ncbi_geo@1.0.0 | /title |