Melatonin Ameliorates NEC-Associated Brain Injury by Suppressing Microglial M1 Polarization via the AMPK-IL-1β Axis

Among its numerous complications, NEC-associated brain injury is particularly detrimental, exerting profound adverse effects on long-term neurodevelopment and cognitive function in affected infants. However, the precise pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this neurological complication remain inadequately elucidated, and effective targeted therapeutic interventions are currently lacking.

This study aims to investigate the key molecular and cellular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of NEC-related brain injury, with the ultimate goal of identifying novel research directions and potential therapeutic targets for its clinical prevention and management.