iMSC-derived extracellular vesicles and their miRNA cargo influence inflammation and oxidative damage in an in vitro osteoarthritis model

Notably, recent evidence highlights the central role of EV-encapsulated microRNAs (EV-miRNAs) in mediating these effects.

Methods

EVs isolated from iMSC conditioned media were characterized, and their miRNA content was analyzed at different culture passages. Selected miRNAs were subsequently assessed for their biological activity in an in vitro OA model, with a focus on their impact on inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress parameters. Results Effects of upregulated miRNAs on an in vitro OA model reported a decrease expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Moreover, the treatment significantly ameliorates ROS accumulation and oxidative damage, restoring antioxidant defenses. Specifically, miRNAs such as hsa-miR-17-5p, has-miR-20a-5p, has-miR-21-5p, has-miR-29a-3p, has-miR-29b-3p, and has-miR-29c-3p differentially reflect the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of iMSCs-EVs treatment, suggesting possible synergistic effects. Discussion These findings support the therapeutic potential of iMSC-derived EVs as a cell-free strategy for OA treatment.

The miRNA cargo encapsulated within iEVs appears to play a pivotal role in modulating inflammation and oxidative stress, emphasizing their promise as a novel, minimally invasive approach for disease modification in OA.