Data Sheet 1_Impact of Ayurvedic purification (Shodhana) on Mucuna pruriens for primary health care in Parkinson’s disease: phytochemical profile, bioavailability of L-DOPA, and comparative UPLC-MS/MS QTOF–Caco-2 analysis.xlsx

UPLC-MS/MS QTOF was used to characterise compositional differences among samples and assess the impact of processing methods on therapeutic potential. A total of 486 unique compounds were identified across the three Kapikacchu Choorna formulations with NKC (n = 102), PKC (n = 344), and MKC (n = 129). Among these, the phytochemical profiling identified 51 compounds with reported toxicological associations and 20 compounds with reported neuroprotective properties across all samples, with the exclusive presence of the phytoconstituent L-DOPA 3’-glucoside.

The L-DOPA content was 0.022% in NKC, 0.087% in PKC and 0.027% in the MKC. Among the KK and KKP samples, KKP demonstrated the most favorable functional performance, exhibiting higher absolute L-DOPA content both before (82.27% vs. 66.67%) and after (29.29% vs. 22.75%) Caco-2 transport. These findings imply that traditional Ayurvedic milk-based purification and dosage form can significantly influence the phytochemical composition, functional L-DOPA delivery, and therapeutic potential of KC, with KKP emerging as the most promising formulation for L-DOPA delivery in the Caco-2 model.

From a public health perspective, this is particularly relevant, as KC is already in use either clinically as a standalone therapy or as part of integrative care for PD, making evidence-based guidance on processing methods and dosage forms increasingly important.</p>