Table 5_TNM stage I pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients without pathological risk may drive limited benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.docx

Objective<p>In this study, we identified pathological risk factors as key determinants of whether patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) can benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy following radical resection.</p>Methods<p>This single-center retrospective study enrolled 520 patients who underwent curative-intent resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma between 2011 and 2018. To minimize potential selection bias and confounding effects, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed using a 1:2 nearest-neighbor matching algorithm without replacement, with a caliper of 0.2 standard deviations of the logit propensity score.

After matching, the patients were stratified based on the presence or absence of pathological risk factors, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation of how these factors influence the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy.</p>Results<p>Based on the analysis for the whole study, the results showed that adjuvant chemotherapy could significantly improve the overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (p < 0.001).