Endometriosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation: the role of the peritoneal fluid

This study focuses on peritoneal fluid (PF) NLRP3 inflammasome pathway expression in patients with endometriosis, evaluating PF’s influence on immune responses and cell proliferation. PF, which contains immune cells and secreted factors, plays a critical role in maintaining the inflammatory microenvironment associated with endometriosis.

Through RNA extraction, gene expression, protein analyses, and cell culture this research investigated inflammasome-related markers in PF and stromal cells from endometriotic lesions, eutopic endometrium, and non-endometriosis. Results revealed significant alterations in the expression of key inflammasome-related genes, including increased levels of Caspase-1 and interferon gamma. However, it was not observed significant impact of PF on NLRP3 expression or cell proliferation on patient derived stromal cell.