Assessment of the association of periodontitis and diabetes mellitus with Alzheimer's disease in a mouse model [RNA-seq]

Twenty-four male knock-in mice (B6-AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F/J) were divided into four groups: control (C), DM, periodontitis (P), and DM plus periodontitis (DM+P). After an 8-week experimental period, memory performance was assessed using the Y-maze test, and brain samples were analyzed by next-generation sequencing. miRNA and mRNA expression profiles were evaluated by comparing the DM+P and C groups, and integrated miRNA–mRNA analysis was performed to identify candidate regulatory relationships.

Neurod1 protein expression in the hippocampus was also assessed. The DM+P group showed significantly lower memory performance than the C group. Integrated analysis identified seven candidate miRNA–mRNA pairs, among which Neurod1 showed the greatest decrease in mRNA expression and was predicted to be regulated by miR-693-3p.