Table 1_Sex-based survival disparities in patients with stage I–III non-small cell lung cancer vary by treatment modality.docx

After stratification, mOS was not reached (females) versus 66.4 months (males) after surgery, (HR 0.58, P<0.001); 46.2 months (females) versus 33.0 months (males) after radiotherapy (HR 0.64, P<0.001); and 39.3 months (females) versus 26.9 months (males) after chemoradiation (HR 0.63, P<0.001). After multivariable adjustment, female survival benefit remained significant after curative-intent treatment overall (HR 0.72, P<0.001), surgery (HR 0.69, P = 0.003), and chemoradiation (HR 0.72, P = 0.02), but not after radiotherapy (HR 0.80, P = 0.12).</p>Conclusions<p>Female survival advantage in stage I–III NSCLC is treatment-dependent and absent in the BSC cohort.

Prospective studies with more detailed clinical, biological, and sociodemographic data are needed to determine whether sex independently affects survival or reflects other prognostic factors.</p>