Transcriptomic Analysis of HeLa Cells Treated with Enterococcus faecium Supernatant: RNA-seq Reveals Differential Gene Expression

HeLa cells were treated with filter-sterilized E. faecium supernatant (equivalent to 1×10⁸ CFU/mL) for 24 hours, with three biological replicates each for the control (HC) and treatment (HT) groups. Total RNA was extracted and subjected to transcriptome sequencing.

Bioinformatic analysis identified a set of differentially expressed genes involved in cellular metabolism, stress response, and key signaling pathways. The results demonstrate that E. faecium metabolites significantly alter the transcriptional profile of HeLa cells, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying host–bacterial metabolic interactions.