Enhanced endocrine–metabolic support and axonemal assembly in high-sperm-motility geese: insights from testicular cellular heterogeneity by scRNA-seq

Spermatogenesis depends on the coordinated interaction between germ cells and somatic cells in the testicular microenvironment, but the cellular basis of sperm motility variation remains unclear in geese. Here, we generated a single-cell transcriptomic atlas of testes from high- and low-sperm-motility groups and identified the major germ-cell and somatic-cell populations involved in spermatogenesis.

These findings provide new insights into the molecular regulation of avian spermatogenesis and establish a valuable resource for understanding the mechanisms underlying male fertility in geese.