Differentially expressed genes upon the overexpression of MENIN in QGP1 cells

However, detailed molecular mechanisms underlying their proliferation remain to be clarified. In this study, we have identified NF-κB signalling as a novel pathway that is hyperactivated in PNETs via single cell analyses and immunofluorescence staining of human PNET tissues.

Furthermore, we have confirmed that the NF-κB subunit RelA/p65 is implicated in PNET proliferation in vitro and in vivo and demonstrated that depleting or inhibiting RelA/p65 significantly reduces the proliferation rate of QGP-1 cells. Separately, we have uncovered that menin (encoded by the MEN1 gene), a tumour suppressor commonly mutated in PNETs, represses PNET proliferation in a RelA/p65-dependent manner, by downregulating the expression of RelA/p65 target genes associated with proliferation.