Table 1_Development and validation of a predictive model for rapid renal function decline in early IgA nephropathy: a multicenter retrospective study.docx

In this multicenter retrospective study, 483 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN at chronic kidney disease stages 1–3 were enrolled and randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 338) and an internal validation cohort (n = 145). Rapid renal function decline was defined as a decline of at least 25% in estimated glomerular filtration rate or progression to ESRD, analyzed as a time-to-event outcome from renal biopsy (the 1-year risk was the principal metric reported).

Independent predictors were identified using Cox proportional hazards regression, and a nomogram was developed and internally validated. In the training cohort, 83 patients (24.6%) reached the endpoint during follow-up (median time to event 13.6 months). Multivariable analysis showed that renal tissue Lambda light chain deposition, higher systolic blood pressure, serum chloride, blood urea nitrogen, and Oxford C score were independent risk factors, whereas higher serum complement C3 and potassium were protective factors.