Data Sheet 1_Cardiac electrical remodeling in Graves’ disease: insights from global ventricular repolarization indices.pdf

Standard electrocardiographic intervals primarily characterize the overall duration of repolarization, whereas newer ECG-derived indices may provide additional information on its spatial and temporal heterogeneity. A better understanding of these alterations may be clinically relevant in light of emerging evidence linking circulating thyroid hormone levels with sudden cardiac death.</p>Objectives<p>The aim of this study was to identify electrocardiographic parameters of ventricular repolarization that exhibit the most pronounced alterations in patients with Graves’ disease, thereby characterizing the pattern of repolarization changes associated with thyroid hormone excess.</p>Methods<p>We conducted an observational analysis comparing individuals with patients with Graves’ disease with age- and sex-matched euthyroid controls.

Ventricular repolarization was assessed using QT, QTc, JT, JTc, Tp-e, and Tp-e–based ratios. Group differences and discriminatory performance were evaluated using non-parametric tests and ROC analysis. Independent associations with hyperthyroidism were examined using multivariable logistic regression with entropy balancing and internal bootstrap validation.</p>Results<p>Compared with controls, patients with Graves’ disease showed higher Tp-e values and Tp-e–derived ratios, consistent with greater heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization.