Dataset on the distribution patterns, formation mechanisms and ecological functions of soil biodiversity in natural black soils and agricultural black soils

Soil DNA was amplified and library preparation carried out using species-specific primers for bacteria and nematodes, as well as a metagenomic shotgun sequencing strategy. Raw sequence data and bioinformatics analysis results were obtained using a high-throughput sequencing platform (Illumina platform).

The core of the dataset comprises bacterial community sequence data, nematode community sequence data, and soil metagenomic sequencing data from both natural and agricultural soils in the Northeast China Black Soil Belt; the data format is FASTQ. In terms of data volume, the bacterial amplicon data amount to 16.46 GB, the nematode amplicon data to 331.8 MB, and the metagenomic data to 43.22 GB. The study covers the distribution, structure and functional characteristics of soil microbial communities; the populations studied include soil bacterial communities, soil nematode communities and the total soil microbiome (metagenome); the geographical scope covers the entire Northeast China Black Soil Belt, with sampling primarily conducted in the three eastern provinces of China (Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning).