Molecular therapeutic insights of lidocaine in human oral cells

Conversely, in SG cells, lidocaine had different effects, such as inducing changes in cell cycle profiles, apoptotic cells, cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS), JC-1 aggregates, and the expression of certain proteins and mRNAs. In addition, our combination index analysis demonstrated that lidocaine acted synergistically with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in both OECM-1 and SG cells. Moreover, in both cell types, impedance patterns indicated similarities between the effects of lidocaine and the effects of a combination of lidocaine and cisplatin.

In summary, our findings highlighted three major differences between OECM-1 and SG cells in terms of the effects of lidocaine, specifically with respect to cell cycle profiles, cytosolic ROS, and mitochondrial membrane potential. These findings demonstrate that local anesthetics such as lidocaine may have important roles to play in potential combination therapies for oral cancers, and in the wound healing process following gum grafts, in addition to their established usage for pain management in oral surgery.