Table 1_Early time-of-day infusion of PD-1 inhibitor improves prognosis in advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter real-world study.docx

After PSM, multivariable Cox analyses identified late ToDA as an independent risk factor for both PFS (P < 0.001) and OS (P = 0.004). Kaplan–Meier curves demonstrated significantly better PFS (P = 0.003) and OS (P = 0.003) for the early ToDA group. In the overall cohort, prognostic risk score models incorporating ToDA, metastasis sites, treatment lines, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) status and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) status effectively stratified patients into low-, middle-, and high-risk groups with distinct survival (P < 0.001).

The detrimental effect was observed across most major subgroups, though several subgroup analyses were not statistically significant.</p>Conclusions<p>This research provides real-world evidence that early ToDA of PD-1 inhibitors is associated with improved prognosis in AGC patients, providing a rationale for chronotherapy optimization and introducing a preliminary risk stratification model for AGC immunotherapy. The risk scoring model requires prospective validation.</p>