Table 5_Early endocrine diagnoses and subsequent survival after immune checkpoint inhibitor initiation in non-small cell lung cancer: a 180-day landmark cohort study.docx

Background<p>Endocrine diagnoses newly recorded after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) initiation may be associated with subsequent outcomes, but time-dependent bias and the limitations of diagnosis-code attribution complicate interpretation.</p>Methods<p>We conducted a retrospective 180-day landmark cohort study using a federated electronic health record network. Patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) initiating ICI were classified according to the presence or absence of a newly recorded qualifying thyroid, pituitary, or adrenal diagnosis during days 1–180 after first ICI.

Both cohorts excluded qualifying endocrine diagnoses during days −365 to −1 and required a recorded visit during months 5–6. After 1:1 propensity-score matching, 7,696 patients were included in each group. Outcomes were assessed from day 181.</p>Results<p>Newly recorded endocrine diagnoses were associated with lower subsequent mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.782; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.745–0.821; P < 0.0001) and a lower hazard of first recorded prespecified subsequent systemic therapy or death in an independently matched analysis (HR, 0.849; 95% CI, 0.773–0.934; P = 0.0007).