Survey data on perceived organisational support, innovation capacity, and student leadership among Chinese vocational college students

Data were collected in July 2025 through an anonymous online questionnaire administered to students at a single public vocational college in Guangdong Province, China. 821 responses were returned; after screening for unengaged responding (within-person standard deviation ≤ 0.30), 464 responses were retained for analysis.

Measures comprise perceived organisational support (10 items), student leadership (9 items), and innovation capacity (28 items across identity, social, and cognitive dimensions), all measured on seven-point Likert scales, together with gender, age, and prior leadership experience as controls. The deposit contains the analysis dataset with its codebook and screening log, the data used for the second-order model, the de-identified responses for all 821 returned questionnaires, the complete SmartPLS 4 output for the first-order and second-order models, and the questionnaire in Chinese and English.