Application and Progress of Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Antivascular Therapy in Tumor Therapy

This combined approach can enhance apoptosis, reduce tumor load, prolong survival, decrease recurrence rates, and significantly improve PDT efficacy. To fully realize the potential of this combination therapy, nanotechnology has been increasingly employed in recent years to achieve efficient drug delivery and regulation of the vascular microenvironment, thereby addressing the issues of drug resistance and targeting. This review summarizes the principles and mechanisms of PDT and anti-angiogenic therapy, highlights effective therapeutic strategies that combine angiogenesis inhibitors with PDT for tumor treatment, and discusses the current challenges and future opportunities.