Table 2_Cross-sectional analysis of socioeconomic determinants of functional disability in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a single-region experience from Saudi Arabia.docx

Risk stratification algorithms and utilization assessments were performed.</p>Results<p>Physical inactivity was highly prevalent, with the majority of included individuals reporting low physical activity levels. Mean HAQ-DI was 0.58 (SD 0.55). The model achieved a cross-validated R² of 0.188 (mean per-fold test R² = 0.122), reflecting the modest explanatory ceiling expected when only sociodemographic predictors are modeled, while still stratifying patients into low (58.2%), moderate (28.2%), and high (13.7%) disability risk categories.

Education showed the strongest association with disability (ε² = 0.093, P < 0.0001), with employment partially mediating this relationship (13.4% mediation, 95% CI: 7.5–20.1%). Model calibration was significant, with utilization probability demonstrated across risk thresholds.</p>Conclusion<p>We developed the first structured analysis for RA disability prediction in the region, revealing complete physical inactivity and significant socioeconomic disparities.

Our analyses findings demonstrated evidence-based risk stratification for further consideration while identifying modifiable intervention targets. The results support population-level physical activity interventions and targeted socioeconomic support programs.</p>