Unplugged Coding in Primary Schools: A Systematic Review of Curriculum Integration, Instructional Models, Assessment Practices, and Learning Outcomes

Methods

Appraisal Tool (MMAT, version 2018). Findings were synthesized thematically around five research questions covering research characteristics, curriculum integration, instructional models and learning designs, assessment practices, and learning outcomes.</p><p><br></p><p dir="ltr">Files included:</p><p dir="ltr">- Search strategy: the full Scopus search string and the filters applied.</p><p dir="ltr">- Screening records: title/abstract and full-text screening decisions.</p><p dir="ltr">- Data extraction form: the structured form used to code the included studies.</p><p dir="ltr">- Supplementary Table S1: characteristics of the 26 included studies (design, sample, country, intervention, curriculum integration, assessment, and outcomes).</p><p dir="ltr">- Supplementary Table S2: per-study methodological quality appraisal using MMAT.</p><p dir="ltr">- Supplementary Table S3: full-text reports excluded after eligibility assessment, with reasons.</p><p dir="ltr">- PRISMA 2020 checklist and flow diagram.</p><p><br></p><p dir="ltr">All data were obtained from published journal articles; no human participants were involved, so ethical approval was not required.

The materials are shared to support transparency, verification, and reuse in future reviews and meta-analyses of computational thinking education.</p>