Table · dataset · 2026
<i>The Dimensionality of the 19-item Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Adapted for Students: A Bifactor Penalised SEM Analysis</i>
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<p dir="ltr">Although the CBI is widely interpreted as a three-factor multidimensional model, prior CFA-based validation studies often relied on strict zero cross-loadings and did not adequately address local item dependencies or weak subscale distinctiveness.
Description
Using data from 1,938 South African undergraduate students, we extended existing multidimensional CBI validation work by testing and finding partial support for a hypothesised hierarchical bifactor model.
We applied penalised SEM and alignment-loss-function (ALF) priors to distinguish meaningful from trivial cross-loadings and local item dependencies. Auxiliary bifactor indices assessed the relative contribution of general and specific variance. Criterion validity was examined through regressions involving study demands and resources, given their theoretical relevance to exhaustion and burnout.
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The manuscript contributes to burnout research by showing that commonly accepted multidimensional CBI interpretations may be overstated when shared variance and local misspecification are explicitly modelled using new statistical tools and auxiliary bifactor indices.</p>
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- DOI doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.32964434.v2 ↗
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