Multi-omics characterization of SIRT3 metabolism and its adaptation to the presence of amyloid-beta oligomers in nasal epithelial cells

Although alterations in SIRT signaling are evidenced in both olfactory dysfunction and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the specific role of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) in olfactory metabolism remains unknown. Here, we have evidenced a partial interdependency between SIRT3 and SIRT5 deacetylase members in human nasal epithelial cell cultures (hNECs).

A multi-omic integrative approach applied to conditions of SIRT3 silencing or overexpression revealed that hNEC metabolism is markedly more sensitive to reduced SIRT3 levels, identifying specific transcripts and phosphorylation sites belonging to inflammatory and redox mediators that are tightly regulated by SIRT3 in hNECs. Following exposure to oligomeric Aβ peptide, phosphoproteomic alterations promoted an activation trend of stress-induced senescence and apoptotic signaling in SIRT3-silenced hNECs, whereas induced activation of mitotic phase–related pathways, Hippo signaling, and glycogen metabolism were evidenced in SIRT3-overexpressing hNECs.