Friend of GATA2 variant Ser657Gly is associated with coronary microvascular disease

Here, we report a genotype-first approach to determine the role of FOG2 in human coronary microvascular disease.

Methods

We performed phenome-wide association studies and deep cardiac phenotyping through the Electronic Health Record in individuals with FOG2 coding variants. We interrogated MagNET heart tissue data to identify genes and pathways associated with rs28374544. We then overexpressed FOG2S657G in a cardiomyocyte cell line and assessed the effects on cardiac metabolism and paracrine angiogenic signaling.

Results: We identified an association between rs28374544 (A1969G, p.S657G) and CMVD. Using phenome-wide association studies and deep cardiac phenotyping through the Electronic Health Record in individuals with FOG2 coding variants, we identified an association between rs28374544 (A1969G, p.S657G) and CMVD. Individuals carrying the S657G variant, almost all of African ancestry, had increased chest pain, smaller burden of obstructive coronary artery disease, and altered coronary blood flow.

Differential gene and pathway analysis using several genomic datasets showed that carriers of S657G have increased expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, glycolysis, and the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. In vitro functional studies show that compared with FOG2 wild-type protein, the FOG2 S657G variant protein promotes angiogenic gene expression and angiogenesis while decreasing oxygen consumption rate.

Conclusions: A common functional coding variant in FOG2, S657G, is associated with CMVD in humans. Altered angiogenic gene expression, regulated in part by FOG2, may contribute to CMVD.