Multiomic sequencing identifies myeloid cell associations with neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment response in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC)

Despite significant advancements in therapeutic strategies over recent decades, the development of effective treatments for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a major challenge due to its complex tumor microenvironment (TME). The PDAC TME is characterized by tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immunosuppressive cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).

The immune components, particularly the myeloid cells, play a role in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The myeloid compartment of the TME comprises a functionally diverse compartment of the TME, capable of exerting both pro-tumorigenic and antitumor effects depending on their phenotypic state and microenvironmental cues. In this study, we leveraged single-nucleus multiomic sequencing (snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq) of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors to dissect the immune landscape, particularly the myeloid subsets, in patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, stratified as responders or non-responders based on histopathological evaluation.