Single-cell RNA sequencing of Ms4a3-lineage myeloid cells in mouse brain after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion

However, the lineage origin and temporal transcriptional dynamics of these myeloid populations remain incompletely understood.In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on brain immune cells isolated from Ms4a3creERT2-Ai14 reporter mice, in which circulating monocyte-derived cells are permanently labeled following tamoxifen induction.

Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) or sham surgery was performed, and brain tissues were collected at 1 day and 3 days post-ischemia.Using single-cell analysis platform, we generated high-resolution transcriptomic profiles of brain-resident and infiltrating immune populations. Unsupervised clustering revealed distinct immune and non-immune cell types, including microglia, monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils, astrocytes, endothelial cells, and neurons.