Supporting data for “Transfer RNA Abundance and Modification Shape Codon-Dependent Translational Adaptation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma”

The data cover two complementary aspects of tRNA-mediated translational regulation.</p><p dir="ltr">The first project examines the relationship between transcriptome-derived codon demand and mature tRNA abundance using RNA sequencing and dedicated mature-tRNA sequencing data from HCC models and paired tumor and adjacent non-tumor specimens.

It also includes data from a pooled CRISPR interference screen designed to assess the functional requirement of individual tRNA genes in HCC cells. The second project investigates adenosine-to-inosine editing at tRNA anticodon position 34 and the role of the ADAT2-dependent editing pathway in translation. These datasets include measurements of tRNA inosine editing, ribosome profiling, nascent protein synthesis assays, polysome-associated RNA analyses, and quantitative proteomics under different experimental conditions, including normoxia and hypoxia.</p><p dir="ltr">Together, the data enable integrated analysis of codon usage, mature tRNA availability, tRNA-gene dependency, modification-dependent codon decoding, translational efficiency, and protein expression in HCC.