Single-nucleus transcriptomic profiling of mouse hearts following angiotensin II-infused with or without bisphenol F (BPF) treatment.

In this study, we investigated the impact of BPF exposure on the intestinal barrier and cardiovascular system. Based on prior untargeted metabolomic analysis, we revealed that BPF can be converted into N-acetylputrescine (NAP) through a microbiota-associated metabolic process.

Further experiments demonstrated that BPF exposure stimulated intestinal epithelial cells to secrete spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (Sat1), an enzyme involved in this conversion. To identify the cell types and signaling pathways associated with BPF exposure under hypertensive conditions, we conducted snRNA-seq of heart tissues from angiotensin II-infused mice and angiotensin II-infused mice pretreated with BPF exposure.